In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels.

Serial communication is used for all long-haul communication and most computer networks, where the cost of cable and synchronization difficulties make parallel communication impractical. Serial computer buses are becoming more common even at shorter distances, as improved signal integrity and transmission speeds in newer serial technologies have begun to outweigh the parallel bus's advantage of simplicity (no need for serializer and deserializer, or SerDes) and to outstrip its disadvantages (clock skew, interconnect density). The migration from PCI to PCI Express is an example.

3 Bit Serial Data Interface (BSD) 4 Intelligent Battery Sensor (IBS) Index Explanation 1 B+ 2 B-3 Battery Voltage Measurement 4 BatteryTemp Measurement 5 Current Measurement 6 Microprocessor 7 BSD 8 DME/ECM. 9 E90 Voltage Supply & Bus Systems The IBS is able to withstand thermal loads up to 105°C, the chemical effects ofthe bat. Oil condition sensor The oil condition sensor is attached to the oil pan and is accessible from below. On all new engine types, there is no longer a dipstick. These engines have an electronic oil level check. The oil condition sensor is connected via a bit-serial data interface to the engine management system. Power is supplied via terminal 87.

Cables[edit]

Many serial communication systems were originally designed to transfer data over relatively large distances through some sort of data cable.

Practically all long-distance communication transmits data one bit at a time, rather than in parallel, because it reduces the cost of the cable. The cables that carry this data (other than 'the' serial cable) and the computer ports they plug into are usually referred to with a more specific name, to reduce confusion.

Keyboard and mouse cables and ports are almost invariably serial—such as PS/2 port, Apple Desktop Bus and USB.

The cables that carry digital video are almost invariably serial—such as coax cable plugged into a HD-SDI port, a webcam plugged into a USB port or Firewire port, Ethernet cable connecting an IP camera to a Power over Ethernet port, FPD-Link, etc.

Other such cables and ports, transmitting data one bit at a time, include Serial ATA, Serial SCSI, Ethernet cable plugged into Ethernet ports, the Display Data Channel using previously reserved pins of the VGA connector or the DVI port or the HDMI port.

Serial buses[edit]

Many communication systems were generally designed to connect two integrated circuits on the same printed circuit board, connected by signal traces on that board (rather than external cables).

Integrated circuits are more expensive when they have more pins. To reduce the number of pins in a package, many ICs use a serial bus to transfer data when speed is not important. Some examples of such low-cost serial buses include RS-232, SPI, I²C, DC-BUS, UNI/O, 1-Wire and PCI Express. In IC, serial bus may be typically implemented by using multiplexer (which utilizes technique called multiplexing).^[1]

Serial versus parallel[edit]

The communication links, across which computers (or parts of computers) talk to one another, may be either serial or parallel. A parallel link transmits several streams of data simultaneously along multiple channels (e.g., wires, printed circuit tracks, or optical fibers); whereas, a serial link transmits only a single stream of data.

Although a serial link may seem inferior to a parallel one, since it can transmit less data per clock cycle, it is often the case that serial links can be clocked considerably faster than parallel links in order to achieve a higher data rate. Several factors allow serial to be clocked at a higher rate:

• Clock skew between different channels is not an issue (for unclocked asynchronous serial communication links).
• A serial connection requires fewer interconnecting cables (e.g., wires/fibers) and hence occupies less space. The extra space allows for better isolation of the channel from its surroundings.
• Crosstalk is less of an issue, because there are fewer conductors in proximity.

In many cases, serial is cheaper to implement than parallel. Many ICs have serial interfaces, as opposed to parallel ones, so that they have fewer pins and are therefore less expensive.

Examples of architectures[edit]

• ARINC 818 Avionics Digital Video Bus
• Atari SIO (Joe Decuir credits his work on Atari SIO as the basis of USB)
• CAN Control Area Network Vehicle Bus
• ccTalk Used in the money transaction and point-of-sale industry
• CoaXPress industrial camera protocol over Coax
• DC-BUS communication over DC power lines
• DMX512 control of theatrical lighting
• Fibre Channel (high-speed, for connecting computers to mass storage devices)
• InfiniBand (very high speed, broadly comparable in scope to PCI)
• I²C multidrop serial bus
• MIDI control of electronic musical instruments
• RS-232 (low-speed, implemented by serial ports)
• RS-422 multidrop serial bus
• RS-485 multidrop multimaster serial bus
• SDI-12 industrial sensor protocol
• SONET and SDH (high speed telecommunication over optical fibers)
• SpaceWire Spacecraft communication network
• T-1, E-1 and variants (high speed telecommunication over copper pairs)
• Universal Serial Bus (for connecting peripherals to computers)
• UNI/O multidrop serial bus
• 1-Wire multidrop serial bus

See also[edit]

• High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)
• Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART)

References[edit]

1. ^'Circuit Implementation Using Multiplexers'. www.ee.surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-04-30.

External links[edit]

• Serial Interface Tutorial for Robotics (contains many practical examples)

BMW INPA Software is factory BMW diagnostics software that connects to all the systems and modules on BMW cars not just engine like generic scanners, it reads all BMW trouble codes and gives live diagnostics and data and GUI pages and test functions…

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INPA Latest version Diagnostic Software Function List:

Support of all ECU use cases in Engineering, Test, Production and After Sales

* Specification of ECU’s diagnostic data

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* Coding of ECU variables

* CAN (controller Area Network) bus mode emulation

* Integrated solutions for on-board/off-board

* Fast and simple configuration of GUI and communication data instead of programming

*Customer specific protocols supported

* Long term application by supporting widespread ASAM standards

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BMW INPA Software Coverage Vehicle List:

1 series E87

3 series E30 E36 E46 E90

5 series E34 E39 E60 E61

6 series E63 E64

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8 series E31 E52

Mini R50 R52 R53

X series E53 E83

Rolls Royce

Z series E85 E52.

BMW INPA Software Free Download:

Below list the free download link collect form internet,if you find the link is invalid,pls tell me.

INPA 6.4.3 Full.rar (thegrayshadow.com)

INPA 6.4.3 Full.rar (mediafire.com)

INPA Ediabas 6.4.3(MEGA)

INPA Software (mediafire.com)

INPA 5.0.6 rar (thegrayshadow.com)

INPA ediabas 5.02 download (tested work 100% ok)

BMW INPA E46:

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BMW INPA E60:

This part include some content about BMW INPA software or cable working cases on BMW E60

Keygens and serial numbers. BMW INPA Reset BMW E60 Airbag Waring Light

How to Reset & Relearn E60 BMW Automatic Transmission with INPA

BMW E60 Coding by INPA and NCS Expert Cable

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BMW INPA Win7 Installation Guide

BMW INPA Win8 Installation Guide

BMW INPA Win10 Installation Guide

Win7 Win8 Win10 Installation please check this article:

Notice of using INPA***

1.Before using this equipment, keep the battery of notebook fully charged to avoid battery broken. Don’t charge the battery while diagnosing (the charger may interfere with diagnosis). Before charging, discharge the battery. You may knock down the battery and connect the power line during long time diagnosing. To make sure the battery life. 2***65289; While testing, make sure the diagnostic lines well connected.
3.Be sure to start diagnosing after all icons on bottom right of screen displayed regularly.
4.After finished diagnosing, back the screen to the main interface, then shut down the key and pull out the connector.
5.Don’t cut the power or connector during test.
Don’t touch the high temperature components in carriage during test.

If you find the download link is invaild,click to download:BMW Standard Tools 2.12 Free Download

include:

EDIABAS: 7.3.0 1.1

-Tool32 4.0.3

-CANdriver 2.5.0.0

WINKFP 5.3.1

– CoAPI 3.13.2

NFS 5.2.9

– KMM SRV 4.31.1.0

INPA 5.0.6

NCS Expert 4.0.1

BMW INPA Win7 Installation Guide:

1. Setup/Configure your OBD2 USB Cable

1. Plug in the cable into a USB port on your computer, you must ONLY use this USB port from here-on for this cable. If your computer is connected to the internet it should automatically search and install in the USB cable drivers. If your computer does NOT automatically detect the cable, you may need to use ‘Device Manager’ to manually update/select the driver.
2. Once installed, go to Control Panel -> System -> Then click on the Hardware tab, then click on Device Manager.
3. Locate the entry ‘USB Serial Port’ in the ‘Ports’ section of Device Manager. It should read ‘USB Serial Port (COMX)’.
4. Right-click on the above and select ‘Properties’, then click on the ‘Port Settings’ Tab and then click on ‘Advanced’.
5. Change the ‘Com Port Number’ entry to ‘COM1’.
6. Change the ‘Latency Timer (msec)’ to ‘1’.
7. Click on ‘OK’ and close all the windows, restart your PC to confirm all the changes.

2. Install INPA/EDIABAS 6.4.3 and 4.4.7

1. Extract the contents of the downloaded file ‘INPA-6.4.3-full.rar’ and you’ll find a .NRG file. This is a CD image that you’ll need to either burn to a CD or extract to a folder using a tool such as ISOBuster.
2. Once extracted, go into the following folder ‘/REFERENZ/INSTALL/’, right-click on ‘INSTPROG.exe’ and select ‘Properties’, click on the Compatibility tab and change the dropdown to Windows XP SP3 as the Compatibility Mode, also tick ‘Run As Administrator’, then click ‘Ok’, then double-click the file to run the installation.
3. Select ‘English’ as the language and click ‘Next’.
4. Select ‘Next’ until asked for ‘Configuration’, scroll to ‘BMW Group Rectification Programs UK’, click ‘Next’.
5. Tick the option ‘Complete’ for all of the options shown.
6. Select ‘Next’ and allow the installation to start.
7. After a minute or so, installation will complete, close the Window.

3. Verify environment variables

1. Go into Control Panel -> System -> Advanced System Settings.
2. Select ‘Environment Variables’ and then verify that the System Variables ‘TMP’ and ‘TEMP’ both contain the path ‘C:EDIABASBin’ within the ‘Value’ string – for instance “C:WindowsTemp;C:EDIABASBin”.

4. Prepare Installation Files

1. Extract the contents of the downloaded file ‘INPA_502_Updated.rar’.
2. You’ll use the contents of this archive during the next three steps.

5. Install BMW Tools

1. From the above extracted file set, find the file ‘Step 1_ Install BMW Tools.exe’, right-click on it and select ‘Properties’.
2. Click on the Compatibility tab and change the dropdown to Windows XP SP3 as the Compatibility Mode, also tick ‘Run As Administrator’, then click ‘Ok’
3. Double-click on the above file to start the installation.
4. Set the Destination Path C:BMW Tools (Don’t change this path) -> ‘Install’ -> ‘OK’.
5. Select ‘English’ -> ‘Continue’ -> ‘Continue’.
6. Select ‘C:’ -> ‘Continue’.
7. Select ‘Skip’ -> ‘Next’
8. Accept the defaults for programs to update, then click ‘Next’.
9. Select ‘Com1’, ‘OBD’ and ‘USB to Serial Adapter’ -> ‘Continue’ -> ‘Continue’.
10. The installation will begin and complete.

6. Install INPA/EDIABAS 6.4.7 and 5.0.2

1. From the above extracted file set, double-click the file ‘Step 2_ Install INPA.exe’.
2. The Destination Path should be ‘C:temp’, leave as it is and click ‘Next’.
3. Choose ‘English’ and select ‘Continue’ and ‘Continue’.
4. Select ‘C:’ and then ‘Continue’.
5. Select ‘BMW Group Rectification Programs UK’ and click ‘Continue’.
6. Tick ‘Update’ for all options where not grayed out, then ‘Continue’.
7. Select ‘OBD’, then ‘Continue’ and ‘Continue’.
8. The installation will begin and complete.

7. Install OBD Setup

1. From the above extracted file set, double-click the file ‘Step 3_Final Update.exe’.
2. The Destination Path should be left as it is, then select ‘Install’.
3. Select ‘Yes to all’.
4. Once completed, the window will close itself.

8. Complete Installation

1. From the above extracted file set, double-click the file ‘serial port.reg’.
2. When prompted, select ‘Yes’ and ‘Yes’. You will receive confirmation that your registry has been updated.
3. Locate the file ‘C:EDIABASBinobd.ini’ and copy this file into your Windows folder.
4. Edit the file ‘C:EC-APPSINPACFGDATINPA.INI’ in Notepad, locate the section that starts with ‘//F3’, remove the slashes at the beginning of the three lines of text, and amend any instance of ‘F10’ to ‘E46’.

Check more details about BMW INPA Software Installation on Win7 Win8 Win10

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